Monday, December 4, 2023

Trail/Milwaukee Bridge over Chippewa River in Eau Claire, WI

(Bridge Hunter broke Mar 22, 2023; 3D Satellite)

Two of several photos posted by John Weeks.
a
Another historic bridge hiding under the modern highway bridge.

b
Another view of the historic rail bridge located just west of the university campus.

Given the tie bars, I presume this bridge is pin connected. 
Street View, Jul 2018

1972 Eau Claire West and East Quads @ 24,000

Two of several photos posted by John Weeks.
a
Historic railroad bridge just north of downtown that has been converted into a trail bridge.

Yep, it is pin connected.
b
A pin connection on the bridge. This is a spot where a number of structural members meet. Rather than being riveted or bolted, they attach to an iron pin. That simplifies the structure, but it has the downside of being a spot that is impossible to inspect.

Sunday, December 3, 2023

1908 Rotherhithe Tunnel under River Thames in London, UK

Path: (Satellite)
North Portal: (Satellite)
South Portal: (Satellite)

It opened in 1908. "At the time of its construction, the tunnel was said to be the 'largest existing underwater tunnel'." [academic-accelerator]

Several Google search results were about walking through the tunnel. I didn't bother to read any of them because the titles indicated it is an unpleasant experience: air pollution, sharp bends and close proximety to traffic.

North Portal:
Street View, May 2018

South Portal:
Street View, Aug 2022

Old Photos of Essex Kent & London posted
Rotherhithe Tunnel, 1907
Workers pose during the construction of the tunnel

This article describes the historic ventilation shafts.

The tunnel needs to be refurbished, but they are going to wait until 2025 when the Silvertonw Tunnel should be reopened. [NewCivilEngineer]



Saturday, December 2, 2023

1870+1899 NS/Pennsy Spruce Creek Tunnels west of Spruce Creek, PA

(Satellite)

(For future reference: Spruce (SC) Tower and Spruce Creek Depot     has tower photo)

The southern bore was built in the mid-1800s. The northern bore was 950' [290m] long, and it was completed in 1899. The second bore was enlarged in 1994 to accommodate container trains. The original bore was closed in 1994. So a collapse on the western end of the original bore in the Spring of 2010 did not impact traffic.
 
Frank Jacobs III posted
Spruce Creek Tunnels, Huntingdon County, Pa. at Tussey Mountain.
[Comments debate the date of the original tunnel. The second one was built in 1899. The route was opened in 1850. The controversy is weather or not this tunnel was part of the original route or if it was a later capitol improvement to shorten the route and remove grades and curves. 1870 is a date suggested for the first tunnel.]
 
Gary Devonshire commented on Frank's post
Photo i took in 2017 you can see the collapsed tunnel to the right.
[Comments indicate that the collapsed tunnel was the original one, and it had already been closed before it collapsed. Obviously, the second tunnel has been enlarged at least once.]

Christopher Capobianco posted
In 2013, I took Amtrak from NY to Pittsburgh and back in late September. What a beautiful trip!
Robert Mishlan: Nice picture of east portal Gallitzin Tunnels. Do not see this side too often.
Gordon Bjoraker: Looks like Spruce Creek tunnels rather than Gallitzin. Spruce Creek is in a more remote area.

Dennis DeBruler commented on Robert's comment
I agree with Gordon, this is Spruce Creek. Since this photo was taken from the rear of a westbound train, we are looking at a western portal. The active route is on the south side in Gallitzin, but the photo shows the active route on the north side. That is consistent with Spruce Creek, https://www.google.com/.../@40.6011049.../data=!3m1!1e3.... I found a Google Earth image, Sep 2010, that has good sunlight in the cut.

This is the original eastern portal because it is next to the Little Juniata River and the river is north of the tracks.
getarchive
LibraryCompany_P.9644.23
ArtsAndCulture, Creator: William T. Purviance
nypl

Because of the slant of the hill, this would also be the eastern portal.
LibraryCompany_P.9058.105
Creator: Gutekunst, Frederick, 1831-1917, photographer.
wikimedia

A topo map confirms that the hill slants downwards from south to north.
1923 Tyrone Quad @ 62,500

This view has a steam locomotive emerging from the tunnel.
LibraryCompany_P.9058.104
Creator: Gutekunst, Frederick, 1831-1917, photographer.

TheRailWire
"Digging around for info on Spruce Creek I found this postcard of what I believe are the west portals.

In Triumph IV, David Messer relates that the number of tracks through these tunnels kept changing. There was only one two track tunnel here in 1949 [probably 1849]. By 1900 a second bore had been completed. While both tunnels could accommodate double tracks, Messer states that the fourth track was never completed.  This image dates from around 1915 and shows four tracks. Go figure. Apparently the track on the far right is temporary. Don't know for sure. After a cave-in in 1947 the westbound main was moved to the center of the tunnel. This three track arrangement lasted until the 1960's. By then there were only two, one in each tunnel. In the mid 1990's Conrail abandoned the eastbound tunnel altogether. The westbound bore was widened and double tracked. I won't even get into traffic flow. It's even more befuddling."
[The fourth track was not installed between Alexandria and Tyrone [TrainOrders]. It was completed in this area.]

The similarity of this image to the above implies that both postcards were a colorization of a real photo.
AltoonaWorks posted
Spruce Creek Tunnels c. 1900.
Dave Hopson: Went to three tracks after a flood.
Ashley-Kirk Marshall: Are these tunnels still there?
AltoonaWorks: Yes Ashley. The one on the left was enlarged in 1994 for double stacks and the one on the right caved in at the west end a couple years ago, but was unused since 1994.
[If you look at the topo map or a satellite image, the tunnels are not parallel. That is what allows us to look down both bores from a single vantage point that is not infinitely far away from the portal.]
 
AltoonaWorks added
Back in 1983, both tunnels at Spruce Creek were in operation with one track each. At one time both tunnels were double tracked, but as equipment got larger they were reduced to one track. In the mid 1990s, the #2 tunnel (left) was enlarged to fit double-stacked containers and doubletracked. The #1 tunnel (right) was closed at that time. The #1 tunnel suffered a cave-in just inside the western portal 10 years ago this spring. [The cave-in would have been Spring of 2010.]
Photo by Dick Bregler
Dan Geedey: Back in the 80's, I worked Spruce tower which used to sit just west of the tunnels. Really cool to watch the trains going westbound come out of the tunnel. Also cool was watching the fishermen catch fish out of the creek right beside me!
Kevin Sanders: My uncle was on track patrol in that area one time on a hi-rail and had track authority through TUNNEL interlocking, but somehow the dispatcher threw a switch while in the interlocking and derailed the pickup. There was a train lined for that track, but they got stopped in time.

Craig Holden provided three photos as comments on the above post:
1

2

3


pintereest

2:01 video @ 1:34
It looks like the inside is raw rock.

I normally don't watch railfan videos. But this one provides a rare view of the eastern portal. It also shows that NS does left-hand running here. At 3:33, a BNSF DPU enters the frame at the bottom. At 6:32, a train is running right-handed with six locomotives. Those locomotives include one each of BNSF, CSX and UP. How many locomotives can one use before you start pulling drawbars?
8:29 video @ 2:43

Robert Wanner posted, this photo has been moved to Gallitzin Tunnels

Big Boy 2026:
Facebook Reel
[It is easy to see the deflectors if you watch the reel because they are moving.]



Friday, December 1, 2023

1935+1960s I-190 North and South Grand Island Bridges over Niagara River at Grand Island, NY

North: (Bridge Hunter broke Mar 22, 2023; Historic Bridges; Satellite, 179 photos)
South: (Bridge Hunter broke Mar 22, 2023; Historic Bridges; Satellite, 279 photos)

"Smaller than the bridges at the south end of the island, these bridges are part of the same projects, and one of these two bridges was built in 1935 and the other in 1963, and are nearly identical." [HistoricBridges_North]

NiagaraFallsInfo has the northern bridges longer than the southern bridges at 4,000' (1,219m) vs. 3,400' (1,036m). It also specifies a completion date of 1962 for the southern bridge and 1965 for the northern bridge.

"The appearance of built-up members containing v-lacing and lattice on the [northbound] 1963 bridge suggests that this was an intentional decision to make it blend in with the 1935 bridge. Most 1963 bridges would not feature v-lacing and lattice on so many members.... V-lacing on many of the members of the 1963 span features 'railroad style' v-lacing, which was a heavier design that riveted each bar that formed the v-lacing separately of the other. The 1935 bridge in contrast features the more standard v-lacing which used one rivet to attach two v-lacing bars to each side of the beam." [HistoricBridges_South]


Looking North at the South Bridge
Street View, Aug 2017

Looking West at the South Bridge:
Street View, Aug 2017

Looking North at the North Bridge:
Street View, Jun 2022
 
Andy Ligammari posted
One bridge, two lanes, 1966. "Going to Beaver Island" Probably ten or fifteen cent tolls. Remember the coupon books? The halcyon days.
Jim Myers shared

1 of 3 photos posted by Amy Daggett
𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗢𝗡𝗘 𝗧𝗛𝗔𝗧 𝗚𝗢𝗧 𝗔𝗪𝗔𝗬(𝗼𝗿 𝘄𝗼𝘂𝗹𝗱𝗻'𝘁 𝗹𝗲𝗮𝘃𝗲)
Last night when crew from NEW YORK with her barge DOUBLE SKIN 509A said they would be done dispatching their load of asphalt soon and planned to pull out first thing in the morning, we did what all obsessed Ship Junkies would do. We scampered home to bed so we could get up early to catch it because this was a unique opportunity for a couple of reasons
First, these vessels  have a special story. In 2020, Vane Brothers which is headquartered in Baltimore Maryland expanded their fleet to service the Great Lakes with this this tug barge combination. The double-hull tank barge utilizes a sophisticated thermal heating system that keeps asphalt at approximately 300 degrees Fahrenheit so that the highly viscous liquid remains relatively thin and flows more easily.
Next, the route they would take leaving the Niagara River takes them through the the Black Rock Channel and the Black Rock Lock. This provides safe passage for vessels between Buffalo Harbor and Tonawanda Harbor around the rapids that exist in the upstream portion of the Niagara River. The present Lock, which was constructed by the Corps of Engineers from 1908-1913, can accommodate large Great Lakes vessels with a lock chamber that is 650 feet (200 m) long, 70 feet (21 m) wide, and rises 6 feet according to canals.ny.gov with an actual lift time of 12-15 minutes.
There are also bridges along the channel. The Ferry Street Bridge was constructed in 1913. It is a bascule bridge, a kind of lift bridge, built by the Strauss Bascule Bridge Company, and is considered a rare and historic design. Seeing this bridge lift is a unique opportunity. 
But alas, it wasn't meant to be. We woke to steady rain but forged ahead. We mapped our route in preparation and timed the transit between our viewing location to be certain we wouldn't miss the bascule bridge. When the skies cleared we have a little cheer and went to see if they were getting ready to move. Our excitement was squelched when we told the Lock was closed due to wind and their departure was delayed until tomorrow morning 😭
What did you think Ship Junkies? Do I make my retired husband go back tomorrow to try again 🤔

PD Cappola posted

LC-DIG-highsm- 52618 (ONLINE) [P&P]
Aerial view of the twin spans of the South Grand Island Bridge, which cross the Niagara River in five sky-blue steel arches (four of them below road level), north of Buffalo, New York
Credit line: West Virginia Collection within the Carol M. Highsmith Archive, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division.
Carol M. Highsmith's photographs are in the public domain.
 
James Cavanaugh Photography posted
From my Archive. A 2005 view of the east branch of the Niagara River looking NE towards the Tonawandas with the south Grand Island Bridges in the foreground.
Jim Cavanaugh shared
[same comment]

Neil Ferguson posted two photos with the comment: "Buffalo's newest pedestrian bridge has arrived on-site at Ralph Wilson Park near downtown Buffalo, NY. The pedestrian bridge was fabricated in Italy, then shipped across the Atlantic, up the Hudson, and along the full length of the Erie Canal. On Friday [Jul 19, 2024?] night it docked on the Erie Canal in Tonawanda, NY before making the final leg of the journey down the Niagara River on Saturday Morning." [The south bridges]
1

2

1935 V-lacing:
Street View, May 2023

The V-lacing on both bridges looks the same to me. The vertical member uses "railroad lacing," but that was true on the other bridge as well.
1965 V-lacing:
Street View, May 2023

KwikBondPolymers
The new decks for the four bridges "utilized a Polyester Polymer Concrete Overlay." The deck replacement was done during 2010-2017.
 
South Bridge:
AmericanBridge_south, Photo by Brianna82
Total length: 3,437'
Longest span: 600'

North Bridge:
AmericanBridge_north, Photo by Brianna82
Total length: 4,038'
Longest span: 400'


Thruway, p3

Deborah Brown posted two photos with the comment: "Good Evening Buffalorians 🚶🏽‍♀️ Ongoing construction of the  South Grand Island Bridge northbound 1961, 2nd photo SouthGrand Island Bridge today 🚧"
Jim Myers shared
1

2

Discover 716 posted
This day in 716 history The original Grand Island Bridges officially opened in July 1935, providing the first direct road connections between Grand Island and the mainland in Western New York.Key Opening DatesSouth Grand Island Bridge: The original span connecting Grand Island to Tonawanda opened on July 15, 1935.North Grand Island Bridge: The original span connecting Grand Island to Niagara Falls opened in July 1935.Historical FactsPurpose: They replaced river boats and ferries, giving drivers a fast path between Buffalo and Niagara Falls that skipped the Tonawandas.Twin Spans: Second identical parallel spans were added later in the 1960s to handle more traffic.Management: Both bridges are run by the New York State Thruway Authority as part of Interstate 190 
[It is too bad they screwed up the copy&paste and lost the linefeeds.]
Jim Myers shared

Andy Parker posted
Tonight's sunset over the South Grand Island Bridge. Taken by Dave Vogan Photography.

WGRZ - Channel 2, Buffalo posted two photos with the comment: "From Traffic Tracker 2’s Dave Cash: A stranded motorist blocks the right lane on the 190 North before the top of the South Grand Island Bridge - traffic is bumper to bumper & backed up on the 190 North & on the 290 West."
1

2

Adam Rudnick posted
 
NYC Thruway Authority posted
🌉 NEWS: A $1.6 million federal grant will allow the Thruway Authority to conduct a Planning and Environmental Linkages (PEL) study of the Grand Island Bridges. The aim is to develop the framework for the future maintenance, rehabilitation and potential reconstruction of the structures. Read more ➡️ https://www.thruway.ny.gov/.../2024-08-14-gib-grant... Mike Kaminski shared

Robert Preskop posted two photos with the comment: "The South Grand Island bridges spanning the east channel of the Niagara River in Tonawanda New York."
1

2