Friday, August 10, 2018

Transporting Wind Turbine Parts by Ship and Barge

(Update: I've learned that these thing are supposed to be called wind turbines instead of windmills. So I fixed the title, but I can't take the time needed to fix all of the text.
A coal dock on the Illinois River has been repurposed to handle wind turbine parts.)

This is an extraction of the ship transport information from Transporting Windmill Parts. It was getting too big, and I wanted to isolate the info of interest to boat nerds. Transport by barge has been added.

(Update: Tower segments are also carried on the rail deck of the SS Badger ferry and on barges from Broadwind Tower.)

Ports of Indiana
[I wonder if these are being imported or exported. I read about a forklift handling the big blades like "toothpicks." Judging from the men standing by the blade, the tires on this forklift are about waist high. Given that the ship has three cranes, it is interesting that a dock side crane is also being used.]

This video taught me why they needed a ground based crane even though the ship had its own cranes. It appears that the ship normally docks with its cranes on the dock side and passes the load between the cranes. But in this case the load was too long to pass between the cranes. So they docked the ship with the ship's cranes out of the way and brought in a land based crane to handle the blades.

Roger Smith posted via Dennis DeBruler

The same ship on its way to the dock.
Carl Burkett posted via Dennis DeBruler

Photo, Oct 2005
[This is docked in Oswego, NY.]

Screenshot from a video posted by Jane Herrick
Marshract entering Duluth with wind turbines.
[It says "Amsterdam" on the stern so this would be a "salty." (It is small enough to go through the St. Lawrence Seaway.)]

Paul R Murray posted three photos, one of which is going under the Bluewater Bridges. His comment: "MUNTGRACHT - Upbound Port Huron, Michigan 5-14-2017."

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Lynda Crothers posted three photos with the comment: "Palabora downbound passing Cape Vincent, Monday morning 9 am with wind mill blades."
[Downbound is a big deal because it implies USA or Canada is exporting blades.]
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Barbara Hutt Phillips posted
Interesting! Went by Chippewa Point about ten minutes ago heading downward. Quickly grabbed my camera!


Geoff Miller posted
Carrying wind turbine parts
[I find it very depressing that American can't even build new things anymore. Instead of trying to save underground coal mining, the Feds should have subsidized windmill (and solar panel) plants in West Virginia to create jobs for coal miners.]

David Kaye posted a couple of photos of windmill blades going through the Soo Lock with the comment: "HHL Amur up bound at the West Pier of the Soo Locks. 6-17-17" Ken Janeczko posted HHL Rhine upbound near Detroit, MI carrying tower segments. I gather from the name "Rhine" that these HHL ships are importing windmill pieces from Germany.


Screenshot (source)
One of three photos posted by Bill Payne
More windmill pieces coming into the the Port of Ogdensburg on 7-7-18.
Bill Payne http://www.watertowndailytimes.com/.../wind-turbine-parts...
[At first I missed all of the blades already unloaded on the land. Tower segments must be a bulky (light) load because the bow bulb is partially out of the water even the ship is loaded.]

Betsy Cook-Kelly posted two photos with the comment: "How often do you see two ships coming at you side by side at the same time?"
Blackburn Jim Never!!!
Betsy Cook-Kelly That's what I thought! I've never seen that. The funny thing was that the heavier ship with the turbine blades was going much faster than the other ship and giving off HUGE waves!
Christian Burns Was great watching it happen, the one in front pretty much pulled over and let it by!
Helen Cooper I heard the captains taking on the radio. The Amstelborg asked permission to pass around Sister Island (just East of Alex. Bay and the G3 Marquis offered to pull up a bit to let her get by.
Charles T. Low Puzzling. I imagine at least that the location near Singer Castle is a good passing zone. In front of Alexandria Bay might not be! I witnessed a freighter similarly pass a much small, slower Caribbean cruise ship once, but why one would be slower here when the speed limits are generally slower than a modern vessel's capability (aren't they?), I can't guess. On that previous occasion, the request was to "pass on two whistles" which is standard for those familiar with sound signals. The cruise ship captain took a while to figure out what was being asked of him, i.e. he needed to slow if the maneuver were to succeed - the freighter officer was very polite and patient.
Bob Gates The Amstelborg was moving I was running 22 mph took me from Clayton to Cedar point to over take here we we talking at the time how fast she was going.
Thomas LeFaivre I thought the big ships had a 6kt speed limit on the St. Lawrence.
Mark Leet Nope
Charles T. Low Mark Leet But there are speed limits, varying for different zones, clearly marked on nautical charts, sometimes varying for upbound vs. downbound vessels. I had assumed that most modern ships could achieve those speeds (up to 13 knots in some areas?) - there was a day when some of the older lakers could not - in which case why the occasion to overtake?
Mark Leet Speeds are controlled by the seaway based on several variables, some vessels don't have very much fine control, so to not go over they may have to keep 3knts below, so following such a ship for 10-12hrs can add time and $ to the journey.
Betsy Cook-Kelly That makes sense...maybe the Amstelborg wasn't actually going faster but the G3 Marquis was slowing down to let them by.
Pam Rider Rose This year it has been quite often
Brian Cameron windmill parts from Germany...

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Howard Maxson commented on Betsy's posting, cropped
Passing Ogdensburg about 11: 15 am

Howard Maxson commented on Betsy's posting, cropped
Passing Ogdensburg about 11am, they must have been racing.

Four of the photos posted by John Handley:
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Two of the photos posted by BigLift Shipping with the comment: "With the discharge of nacelles for the Merkur offshore wind farm in Eemshaven, The Netherlands, our grand old lady Happy Buccaneer completed her 250th voyage since she was taken into service."
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BigLift shared four photos.
BigLift Shipping's HTV BigLift Barentsz photographed on her way to Germany and Sweden, carrying 87 x V150 Blades on deck. Port of loading: Motril, Spain.
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I saw several photos of this salty as it worked its way upbound through the Seaway and Detroit & St. Clair Rivers, but this view is worthy of note.
David Schauer posted
Blade Runner...
M/V Ronnie arriving in nice light with wind blades for the port terminal. North Carolina with an assist. Duluth, MN - April 30, 2024
[That is the Aerial Lift Bridge in the background.]

GreatLakesSeaway
Longshoremen at the port were able to unload three ships within a one-week period, a first, according to OBPA officials. The ships were each carrying wind turbine components.
[It is interesting that there is no dockside track so that a ship's crane can load directly onto a railcar. ]
Bay Crane posted
The first three photos posted by Don BeVier: "Detroit, 5-18-19."
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David Kaye posted three photos with the comment: "Happy River and Alpena meeting in the Soo Harbor.  10-24-19"
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Alice Spurgeon also posted photos of Happy River's trip to Duluth with wind tower segments. "Happy River headed to Duluth with windmill parts at the Soo."
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BNSF Railway posted three photos with the comment:
Take a look at the largest wind blades BNSF has ever moved -- 74 meters [243'] long! We hauled these from the Port of Galveston to Wichita Falls, Texas, last month. BNSF has the largest rail-controlled fleet of specialty flat cars for wind component transport in the industry.
James Lee Stewart Where were the blades made ???
Dale V Rockwell "Port of Galveston" suggests that they were offloaded from a ship.
Caleb Kemplay I know Vestas ships lots of blades to Galviston, they also have some massive turbines... so I'm putting my money on Denmark, I could be wrong, i think they also have a factory in Germany.
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Claude Conrad Is all that power, in that one shot to be used in service or going to the graveyard?

William Coke posted
Dean Linic Geelong赵颖 we have special adapters for those wind tower transportation.

Michigan Film Photographer Karl Wertanen posted
Took a few minutes this morning and ran down to the Port Of Monroe to grab a shot of the Happy River unloading wind tower segments for Ventower Industries.
The Happy River made it's trek from Becancour QC through the St Lawrence Seaway down to Monroe with these 40' segments.
I've read that the Ventower will receive 14 total shipments this year from the Happy River which will make a total of 560 segments to fulfill a contract with General Electric.
I hope to make it down there during sunrise or sunset this season for a better opportunity at light and composition. The wind was moving strong above the River Raisin this morning so had to make it a short and cautious flight.
Dale Stringham I think they were loading the segments, not unloading at the Port of Monroe. They are manufactured by Ventower at the Port.
Karl Wertanen Actually they were offloading. They arrived roughly an hour before and were dropping these down onto the pad.
Michigan Film Photographer Karl Wertanen GE has a partnership with Ventower and the Port to use this port as a distribution hub.

Peggy Tupper I think you mean up the St Lawrence Seaway. From Quebec to Michigan is upbound.
Michigan Film Photographer Karl Wertanen Lol
Yeah i understand the difference between the “bounds”. I just mean down as in from further north (which it is) to south (us). I didn’t mention “down-bound”. If I was going to mention upbound or down bound, I would have specified the correct “bound”.
Peggy Tupper Michigan Film Photographer Karl Wertanen No offense but you did refer to the St Lawrence Seaway and navigation in inland waters always specifies up and down based on the current flow. regardless of latitude or whether the word bound is used. If you go up the Welland Canal you are going south. Regardless, it is an interesting photo.
The economies of ship transport are reduced if there is a wreck.
Screenshot @ -0:14, cropped, DeBruler

Screenshot

1 of 6 photos posted by the Port of Oswego Authority
Port unloading the first pieces of the windmill project and placing them in temporary storage to later be trucked to the point of construction. Local jobs!
[We can see on the left side of the photo that the dock does have a crawler crane. But it is not needed for this ship.]
Janey Anderson shared
Melissa unloading at Port of Oswego.
Karen Lafave: We have all turbine blades here in Ogdensburg ⚓️ saw this ship passing up River.

Janey Anderson responded to Karen's comment
That's Ronnie - grabbed a shot of her yesterday passing Ogdensburg. This is her sister ship Melissa.

A satellite caught nacelles and hubs in Ogdensburg.
Satellite
 
Gary Watters posted
M.V. Charlie, upbound to/up Erie, Pa. Three Rivers.
Bill Jr. Salton posted nine photos of Charlie with the comment: "Charlie making her first upbound trip through the Seaway on the night of May 4th (be with you). She is still on the Port Colborne Anchorage as of May 7th, awaiting a pilot for the short crossing to Erie, PA with windmill blades." [The photos were taken while the freighter was in Lock #7.]

1 of 11 photos posted by Michael Hull
ONEGO DUERO (2012 Netherlands) was at Keefer Terminal in the Port of Thunder Bay on May 29, 2022. The Port’s mobile harbour crane offloaded windmill tower sections from the vessel.

4 of 15 photos posted by Michael Hull with the comment: "NORDIKA DESGAGNES (2010 Canada) and HOUTMANGRACHT (2009 Netherlands) were both at Keefer Terminal in the Port of Thunder Bay on June 17, 2022. Nordika Desgagnes unloaded general cargo while Houtmangracht delivered turbine parts. The Port’s Intermodal Yard was managing to prepare the turbine towers for transport."
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[Note the number of axels on the truck trailer. This trailer was used for the short trip to the lay-down yard.]

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[This photo shows that turning a long trailer with so many axels requires that at least some of the wheels are steerable.]
 
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[Some of the tower segments went on railcars. But most of them went to the intermodal yard in the right background.]

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[A close up of the use of the intermodal yard.]

David Schauer posted
A view of wind power components being unloaded from the Wagenborg vessel Reestborg at the Duluth port terminal this afternoon. 9/17/2022
[Note the use of a spreader bar so that both cranes can help lift the component. It must be really heavy. I wonder what part of the wind turbine this part would be.]

David Schauer posted
A view I wanted yesterday at Duluth was one of the trucks moving a blade to the laydown area. According to Jeff Thoreson, at 260 feet, these are the longest blades ever moved in North America. I could tell they were super long when that truck pulled away from the Roerborg. 10/11/2022
Zach Macmillan: Vestas v164 blades.
Douglas van Doorn: Like to know how they drive them out of town lol
David Schauer: Douglas van Doorn Up Piedmont and Highway 53.
Jeff Thoreson: Jenner, Alberta.

(3:01 new window)  (source)


3 of 15 photos posted by Karen Limardi with the comment: "The Miena Desgagne upbound below Lock 1 this morning."
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Brenda Gunn: Fabulous shot! What is she carrying?
Karen Limardi: Brenda Gunn I was thinking windmill base but not quite sure !
Dennis DeBruler: Karen Limardi Indeed. They are probably the segments that are used to build the towers for wind turbines.

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[I included this one to show how much traffic there is on the Welland Canal. In addition to an articulated tug barge (ATB) moored in the background, another one is downbound. This also shows that ATBs are evidently becoming more common.]

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[Lock #1 is in the background.]

There must be something special about the Miena Desgagnes because others also posted photos of it.

Jim Lehocky posted
MIENA DESGAGNES (closest) and AMERICAN CENTURY coming upbound on the St. Marys River this afternoon. 5/2/23
Jim Lehocky shared
 
Jim Lehocky posted
MIENA DESGAGNES unbound at Rotary Park in Sault Ste Marie this afternoon.  Showers, drizzle and wind let up just in time for me to get this shot with the drone.  5/2/23
Jim Lehocky shared

David Kaye posted four photos with the comment: "Miena Desgagnes upbound at the West Pier of the Soo Locks, heading for Thunder Bay, ON  5-2-23"
David Kaye shared
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1 of 11 photos and a video posted by Heidi Schmidt
BBC Manila upbound for Thunder Bay carrying wind turbine blades in Marine City, Michigan May 24, 2023.

That ship caught the eye of more than one fan.
Jim Lehocky posted
BBC Manila at Rotary Park 946am 5/25/23 carrying windmill blades to Thunder Bay Ontario.
 
David Schauer posted
Asian Spirit delivering another load of wind blades. The blades from its first trip are in the laydown storage area. Tug Missouri with the press. Duluth, MN - May 13, 2025


CarlzBoats has photos of tower segments and windmill blades going upbound on the St. Lawrence Seaway. Also a multipurpose cargo ship that includes windmill parts.

Jean Hemond Flickr of a cargo ship hauling blades. (source) Blades must be light and they could not find any cargo to haul in the hull because it is running high out of the water. Normally the bow bulb would be underwater.




I generalize "by ship" to "by water transport." I.e. this is  barge transport.


One of six photos posted by Dave Carrier with the comment: "Comming through stlouis."
[A comment indicates they will be heading up the Missouri. I wonder if these are imports that were transloaded from a ship down by the Gulf.
Dave Carrier posted photos and a video of the tow.]

1 of 5 photos posted by Jan Danielson
Crosby Progress. First time for me to see this boat in my area. Interesting to see the "high pilot house." Pushing wind turbine blades up river to Camanche, Iowa from New Orleans. Pictures taken at lock and dam 14 Pleasant Valley, Iowa. 11-21-22.

1 of 5 photos posted by Jan Danielson
Interesting to me---Crosby Progress boat heading up river pushing a barge with wind turbine blades. No matter how YOU feel about those it was something to see at lock and dam 14 Pleasant Valley, Iowa. 11-21-22.
Kimberly Berlyn Pettigrew: We watched them on the Lock 19 live cam. First tow was Big Eddie and the second one was Crosby Progress.

Kelly Moeller posted four photos with the comment: "Windmill blades heading north from  on Mississippi. Photos taken at Chester IL."
Fort Loudoun Lock shared with the comment: "Wind turbine blades have been something we've seen transported via barge on the river now for several years.... 📸 Credit to Kelly Moeller"
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[Going under the Chester Bridge.]

2:13 video @ 1:32 (source)


Jack Tanner Towing posted
Making Scott W. Lucas Memorial Bridge (Havana Highway Bridge)

2 of 8 photos posted by Jan Danielsen with the comment: "Bernard G heading down river to lock 15 Rock Island, Illinois. Pictures taken from Bettendorf, Iowa 11-7-23."
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Karen Limardi posted some photos with the comment: "The BBC Tokyo upbound in the Welland Canal at Lock 7 on her maiden voyage through the Seaway....following  her sister ship BBC Dubai just a few weeks ago....on her way to Erie !"
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Because it is her maiden voyage, there  were a lot of photos of the BBC Tokyo on the web. For example:
2 of 15 drone photos posted by Bobby Dzz.
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Exiting lock 7 up

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Look near the end of Erie Docks for photos of the blades being unloaded from this and other BBC Chartering ships.

Thursday, August 9, 2018

UP/C&NW 1908 Bridge over Root River in Racine, WI

(Bridge Hunter, Historic Bridges3D Satellite)

David Daruszka posted three photos with the comment:
Union Pacific (former C&NW) Root River Bridge in Racine, WI. The bridge was designed as a moveable swing bridge, but never used as one. The river traffic never materialized.
David Daruszka It was known as the C&NW "Old Line" that ran to Milwaukee. The UP downgraded it to single track and it still carries freight, primarily coal for a power plant.


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Peter Oberdick It looks like the gearing was installed. I wonder if it was manual or powered.David Daruszka Given the size of the bridge I would assume it was meant to be powered.
This bridge is so massive that it looks too large for its swing pier. This bridge is a very unusual swing bridge because it is a deck truss. Most swing bridges are through truss bridges or plate girders. It is also a fairly large span for a swing bridge. The double-warren truss configuration is uncommon and noteworthy. [Historic Bridges]

Port of Coos Bay/UP/Southern Pacific Bridge over Coos Bay at North Bend, OR

(no Bridge Hunter?, Satellite)

Randy King posted
North Bend, Oregon Swing span.. largest west of the Mississippi.... with a ship heading to sea...
My photo
Dennis DeBruler This was a Southern Pacific route, so UP would have acquired it. Since it was (1928) just a branch that started at Eugene and went down to Powers, does UP still own it or did they sell it to a shortline?
Warren Caudle Last I saw, the Port of Coos bay has the line from Eugene to Coos Bay. The original line went all the way to Powers.
Randy King I think they lease it from UP still... But they (CBR) have to maintain it...

Randy King posted
North Bend, Oregon Swing span.. largest west of the Mississippi....
My photo
Randy King posted
North Bend, Oregon Swing span.. largest west of the Mississippi....
My photo
Randy KingRandy and 774 others joined RAILROAD BRIDGES, TRESTLES, TUNNELS AND CUTS within the last two weeks. Give them a warm welcome into your community! Just an old root wad that I shot through...

(new window)


(new window) "First Locomotive crossing North Bend Oregon's Railroad Swingspan"


Wednesday, August 8, 2018

CSX/Rock Island Swing Bridge over the I&M Canal

(3D Satellite)

I&M Canal Overview

I can't believe I drove right past this bridge when I went to the Hollywood Casino to get photos of Sam M. Fleming's tow.

Sydney Lane posted three photos with the comment:
South of Joliet, Illinois just off Rt6 at the Johns Manville plant is this turn bridge that crosses the historic and now abandoned I & M canal. Though functional in the era of mule towed barges, it sets welded in place. It is still used today as an industrial spur line. It was Elgin Joliet and Eastern in my memory but I think it may be Canadian Northern now. The historic Illinois and Michigan canal linking Lake Michigan to the Mississippi River closed around 1930 when the current I&M opened to much larger barge traffic.
Dennis DeBruler The industrial lead goes north to what was the Rock Island. This part of the Rock Island route is now controlled by CSX.
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Sydney must have caught it after some heavy rains. This satellite image is probably a more normal flow in the canal.
3D satellite

Illinois and Michigan Canal Photo Tour posted
View of the canal from the circa 1911 swing bridge west of Rockdale.



1900+1929 BNSF/Great Northern Cascade Tunnels and Stevens Pass

(1900 Bridge Hunter1929 Bridge HunterWest Portal Satellite, East Portal Satellite)

Also known as Stevens Pass Tunnel and GN Cascade #15. In 1900, a 2.6 mile tunnel was built by Great Northern to eliminate 8 switchbacks and avoid winter weather hazards caused by over 50' of snow during the winter including avalanches.  Unfortunately, this tunnel was still too high to avoid the winter weather. "On March 1, 1910, an avalanche at Wellington destroyed two Great Northern trains and killed 96 people. It was one of the worst railroad disasters in American history and closed the route for three weeks.  On January 22, 1916, an avalanche struck a passenger train near Corea, killing eight people and injuring several others. To keep trains on schedule and bolster public confidence, Great Northern added more snow sheds along the route, increasing the annual cost of maintenance and repair." [HistoryLink] To reduce the winter hazards, a new 7.8 mile tunnel was built 501' (or 500' or 502', depending on the source) below the first tunnel. This new tunnel was completed in 1929, and it remains the longest railroad tunnel in the United States.

BNSF [East Portal]
 
Steven J. Brown posted
Amtrak Empire Builder #7 enters Cascade Tunnel on Stevens Pass at Berne, Washington - September 29, 2004.

Great Northern Railway Historical Society posted
This date in Great Northern Railway History- December 20th, 1900.
The first iteration of the Cascade Tunnel opens for traffic. 
Located higher up than the modern Cascade Tunnel, this 2.6 mile tunnel was the longest concrete lined tunnel in the US at the time. 
The tunnel was to eliminate complicated and cumbersome switchbacks that were exposed to heavy snowfall and kept operations in-efficient. 
Soon after the tunnel's completion, this section if line was electrified to ease fumes and further operational efficiency. 
Until the new Cascade Tunnel opened (with a line location as well) in 1929, this was the main line. 
The area around the original tunnel can be visited.  Read more here: https://www.cascadeloop.com/cascade-tunnel-longest-railroad-tunnel-in-the-us

Great Northern Railway Historical Society posted
A look back: December 20th, 1900: 
Original Cascade Tunnel opens in Stevens Pass
This tunnel eliminated numerous switchbacks, sharp curvature, and 13 miles of route, all in danger to exposure of snow slides. 
Construction of the tunnel began in 1897 opened for traffic in December 20th, 1900.  
The tunnel was 2.6 miles [4.2km] long, and entirely lined with concrete. 
In 1929 the new and current Cascade Tunnel opened and the former was abandoned. 
You can still hike to the old tunnel location, high in the Cascades along the Iron Goat Trail. 
Photo: GNRHS
Jim Rohrbach: The Forest Service closed the trail directly to the old western portal because of possible flash floods from the tunnel due to the roof collapsing in spots causing dams that occasionally burst.
Chris DeLong: Jim Rohrbach funny thing is that end you can directly walk into without any real obstruction. the east portal where there is no danger is fenced off, lol!!

John Stromsoe commented on the above post
Been there. Great hike.

safe_image for Old Cascade Tunnel: haunted by ghosts
The tunnel was finished in 1900 for the purpose of removing 8 switchbacks to get over the mountains. It was 2.6 miles long and had a grade of 1.7%.
 
Douglas J. Fear posted
DJ's POTD - Looking pretty much like everyone else's shot of the west portal of the Cascade Tunnel, I post the obligatory shot of a BNSF WB exiting at Scenic, Aug 24, 2021. It's still amazing to watch a train from 6 miles away take 20 minutes to get there. The glow of ditch lights become separately discernable at about a mile and half down the tube some 7 minutes or so distant.
Andre Tardif shared
Ray Nadeau: That sign is relatively new isn’t it?
[A good shot of the notches that were added to accommodate double-high container cars.]

Scott Ogle posted three photos with the comment: "Cascade Tunnel, BNSF mainline (formerly Great Northern). Stevens Pass, Washington, September 30, 2018"
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Jon Bentz posted
BNSF C44-9W 7417 has just emerged from the 7.68 mile long Cascade Tunnel and is on the literal summit of the line. This tunnel was completed in 1929 and was replacement for a difficult climb from Scenic, WA to the town of Wellington where a three mile long tunnel pierce the summit of the Cascades. A horrific avalanche occured there during the winter of 1910 on the first of March. A snow accumulation had built over the previous 9 days creating a serious threat to the town. At 1 am in the morning during a violent storm a lightening strike set the snow mass in motion, cascading down the mountain side and sweeping two trains and their passengers and crew with it. 96 died and it remains the deadliest avalanche is U.S. history.
 
Gregory L Weirich posted
An Eastbound stack train emerges from the 7.8 mile long Cascad tunnel on a cold January day. The structure in the background is for the fans that blow air through the tunnel to keep the diesels from choking on their exhaust.
Paul L Smith: I have helped change those fans when they broke down.
Kasie Howland: Recently, the electricians successfully replaced both fans to keep this marvel functional.

Building one of the eight switchbacks.
BNSF

I never realized how big the tunnel was until I saw this steam shovel in it. Was the steam piped to it from an stationary boiler that was outside of the tunnel?
BNSF

(new window) The guy taking the video never turns back so that we can't see how much the ears that were cut into the Cascade Tunnel (7.8 miles, the longest train tunnel in the US) clears the double stacks. The square top of the containers is the reason those "ears" were cut. Other tall cars such as autorack cars have curved upper edges so they don't need the "ears" in the tunnels.


"Due to the tunnel's length it has a rather problematic handicap, even today, of requiring ventilation of the shaft for up to 45 minutes. As a result Cascade is somewhat of a bottleneck on the BNSF system." The first ventilation system for the 1929 tunnel required an hour to clear the fumes produced by diesels working hard to scale the 1.7% grade from west to east. Today's fans can clear the tunnel in 20 minutes. "Train speeds today for BNSF freights and Amtrak passenger trains are held to 25 mph. One still has to wonder, however, why Burlington Northern did not exercise its ownership of nearby Snoqualmie Tunnel after the Milwaukee Road abandoned its main line through this region in 1980. Using that bore, which was the best engineered tunnel across the Cascade range, would have saved BN and BNSF millions in maintenance costs and liability." [American-Rails]

The grade is 1.6% and takes 30 minutes to clear the exhaust fumes according to Cascade Tunnel Ventilation. Another eastbound train must wait for the exhaust fumes to be blown out of the tunnel. But a westbound train does not have to wait because the exhaust of the previous eastbound train will stay in front of the westbound train. The exhaust plume of the westbound train leaves the tunnel with the train so neither the next eastbound nor westbound train is delayed.
In a discussion on the Trainorders forum, a former Chief Dispatcher for BN who was in charge of the line through the Cascade Tunnel said that the Tunnel Ventilation issue being a limiting factor on line capacity is a bunch of Horsefeathers. If it was a problem, then adding a mid-tunnel door like the Mount MacDonald Tunnel on CP has would solve the problem at a reasonable cost. The problem is the gradient through the tunnel and the distance between the sidings at either end. If the freight trains were the length of the Empire Builder and powered the same amount, you could operate a lot more trains per day through the tunnel. Where some problems with ventilating occur, they happen because the Dispatcher doesn't begin the ventilation promptly. This can happen because the Dispatcher is distracted by things happening elsewhere on his district, or if he (she) just isn't paying attention. And then there is the need for MOW to have track time, not just on the tunnel itself, but also anywhere between Skykomish and Wenatchee. [Trains, search for "2009 9:25"]

To build the 1929 tunnel, a work tunnel 8' high and 9' wide was first built and 21 connecting passages were dug to the main bore so that there was 42 working faces. 1,750 skilled workmen from around the country were hired to staff three shifts that worked seven days a week for 35 months. The blasting holes were 8' deep. After a blast the loose rock was cleared out using ore cars in the working tunnel. Each round took five hours. The tunnel was dug through granite, but they still used timber shoring. Even with the shoring, there were deaths due to rock slides. The concrete lining was constructed by placing reusable forms over the timbers and pouring concrete over them. Because of the length of the tunnel; cars filled with the correct ratio of cement, sand and gravel were hauled to a mixing plant at the face of the concrete work. "Some 923,000 cubic yards of rock and earth were removed from the bore, replaced by 264,000 cubic yards of concrete as lining for the tunnel." [HistoryLink]

HistoryLink has several photos of the 1929 construction.

The tunnel was electrified, but they had significant reliability issues with the electrification. One source indicated the system was not properly designed. As soon as the railroad finished converting to diesels in 1956, the electrification was replaced by a ventilation system at the east portal.

Claude Conrad posted
My time at the TUNNEL!! My son (Kevin Conrad) and I found are way to this view of the east portal. A consist of those beautiful GREEN SD40-2s heading west bound. A great day for us both!!
Dan Whitmasrh posted two photos with the comment:
A couple more from the archives. On a winter day sometime around 1982, my brother and a friend look on from a snowbank as an eastbound freight approaches the Cascade Tunnel, led by SD40-2 8127 and B30-7AB 4090. High on the mountain above the engines can be seen the snowshed guarding the eastern entrance of the Windy Point tunnel, part of the original Great Northern grade, abandoned in 1929 when the new tunnel bypassed the high country.
In the second picture, all but the caboose have entered the tunnel. The tunnel retains its perfect arch, lacking the notches carved into the top in later years to allow for double stacks to pass through.

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Mattew Schuh posted seven photos with the comment:
Railfanning last weekend in Skykomish and the east portal of the Cascade Tunnel. I caught BNSF 3789 at both locations.
BNSF Scenic Subdivision
MP 1732.2 - Skykomish, WA
MP 1700.3 - East Portal (Berne, WA)

video: https://youtu.be/-WPg8ThWrak

Note: All Cascade Tunnel photos were taken from US Forest Service property.
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3:15 video about the tunnels    The locomotives are still in a BN livery, but "ears" have already been notched into the tunnel.

Tuesday, August 7, 2018

Drew Narrow Gauge Bridge over Suwannee River

(Bridge Hunter, Historic Bridges, Tap LineSatellite, Google Photo, Flickr1Flickr2)

John Darnell posted
My view on the weekends.....

The spindly nature of this bridge caught my eye. It was installed for a narrow gauge railroad for the Drew Lumber Company and was hand cranked. "Built between 1869-1874 at an unknown location, purchased 1899, installed 1901; abandoned 1920." [Bridge Hunter] "This railroad bridge was reportedly moved here from Brazil and put into service at this location around 1901, and abandoned in 1920. Its original construction date is unknown, but it displays cast iron elements and unusual details that are characteristic of early metal truss bridges. As such, this bridge is presumed to be one of the oldest surviving swing bridges in the country, if not the oldest. Its assumed age, unusual design, rare use of cast iron beams, and lack of alteration to the trusses, place it among the most significant historic truss bridges in the country." [Historic Bridges] The bridge is a demonstration that iron, both cast and wrought, doesn't rust as easily as steel does. It has been almost a century since it was abandoned, and I'm sure that nobody has painted it during that time.

Link from Bridge Hunter
Trains going across the Drew Bridge, taken ca. 1909.
State Archives of Florida
Suwannee & San Pedro Railroad train crossing Drew Bridge over the Suwannee River

Reading the comments on Bridge Hunter, I learned that the truss was swept off the pier by a flash flood. Fortunately, it suffered little damage, and it has been mounted back on its pier again. And then I learned that may be "fake news" created by a comment troll. (It is a shame that our society has invented the concept of "fake news.") And then I quit reading the comments.

Greg Riggs, Nov 2017, cropped

Dan Halloran posted five photos with the comment: "We took a canoe trip on the Suwannee River to Drew Bridge, thought to be the oldest surviving rotating bridge in the USA. I’ve seen it posted here before, but I tried to capture some up close detail. It’s beautiful. It has been sitting just like this, unused, for about a hundred years."
Ray Saavedra shared with the comment: "North of me near the Georgia border. I’ll look into the claimed oldest surviving swing bridge. Large logging industry in that area in the 1800’s was the reason for the swing bridge. There’s another bridge to the east of this one that looks like it started out life as a RR bridge but now has the old highway crossing."
Tucker Storrs: This bridge is actually even older you might expect. It was supposedly originally built in Brazil sometime in the 1850s, then shipped by barge to its location on the Suwanee river in ~1899. The Suwanee and San Pedro Railroad that used it was gone by 1919, and the bridge has been abandoned ever since. The counties on either Bank bought it to convert to a road bridge shortly after it's abandonment, but that hasn't happened in the 100 intervening years.
Tim Shanahan shared
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It is interesting that the bridge is not in its fully open position.
Satellite